What warming is doing to life on Earth.

Longer heatwaves. Drier land. Coral reefs losing their color as the ocean warms. Below, we show the numbers behind each of these.

Cracked, dry earth showing the effects of drought

Heat and drought124 million more people faced food insecurity in 2023 due to droughts and heatwaves.

Key findings

Heat now kills an estimated 546,000 people a year, a figure up 23% since the 1990s.
Wildlife populations have fallen by 73% on average since 1970, with Latin America's decline the steepest of any region.
Climate related disasters could displace 44 to 216 million people within their own countries by 2050, depending on how much emissions are cut.

Stats by categoryChartsFunding gapTimeline

Global temperature rise

Degrees C above 1850 to 1900

Source: NASA GISTEMP

Ocean heat content

Zettajoules above 1955 to 2006 average

Source: NOAA

Coral reefs hit by bleaching stress

Percent of world reef area

Source: NOAA Coral Reef Watch

Wildlife population decline

Living Planet Index since 1970

Source: ZSL and WWF

Disaster displacement

Millions of new displacements per year

Source: IDMC

Heat related deaths per year

Thousands of deaths, global average

Source: WHO and Lancet Countdown

IndicatorLatest figureComparisonSource

$822m pledged
$395bn owed every year

The world agreed to pay for climate damage it did not prevent. That gap, who pledged what, who is paying, and what's still owed, has its own full breakdown on the Loss & Damage tracker.

Open the Loss & Damage tracker →

What warming is doing to life on Earth.

A timeline of the bill.